Resveratrol And Emodin in The Extract of Polygonum Cuspidatum

Polygonum cuspidatum extract sources

Polygonum cuspidatum is the dry rhizome and root of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. etZucc. It is a perennial shrubby herb, reaching a height of over 1m. The rhizome lies horizontally underground, with yellow brown wood and obvious nodes.

The stem is erect, cylindrical, with no hair on the surface, but mostly scattered with red or purple spots. It is hollow, with single leaves alternating, wide ovate or nearly circular, 7-12c long and 5-9cm wide.

The apex is short and pointed, and the base is round or wedge-shaped; Petiole length 1-2.5cm; The tunica vaginalis of stipules is membranous, brown, and falls early. Flowers unisexual, dioecious, panicles axillary, pedicels long, upper winged, enlarged during fruiting; There are 8 stamens and 3 styles in the upper part of the female ovary. Achene ovoid, fruit 3-sided, reddish brown, shiny, enclosed in winged perianth.

The flowering period is from July to September, and the fruiting period is from September to October.

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Active ingredients

The rhizome contains free anthraquinone glycosides, mainly emodin, emodin 8-glucoside, rheochrysin, and chrysophanol. The root contains the diuretic component flavonol glycosides. In addition, it also contains resveratrol glucoside and resveratrol.

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Extraction method

The extraction of Polygonum cuspidatum medicinal materials is mostly done using 95% ethanol reflux extraction, followed by 70% acetone extraction.

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Medicinal function

Research has shown that resveratrol and emodin exhibit a wide range of antioxidant properties, such as LDL cholesterol oxidation and lipid peroxidation reactions. Resveratrol also shows benefits for cardiovascular health and blood circulation, reducing pain, clearing heat and dampness, and detoxifying phlegm. Other ingredients include dananthrone, emodin methyl ether, and rhein, all of which have anti-inflammatory, anti arthritis, and antimicrobial activities.

1. Antipyretic and analgesic effects

Resveratrol exerts therapeutic effects through various pathways, demonstrating certain antipyretic and analgesic activities, as shown in studies on intact mice and rats (Lin and Hu, 1987). Its extract shows that it can endow the gastric mucosa with the ability to resist stress ulcers caused by suppressed gastric secretion without affecting blood pressure.

2. Anti cancer and anti mutation ability

As an antioxidant, antimutagenic agent, and anti-inflammatory agent, resveratrol exhibits its chemopreventive ability against cancer. It can also induce the differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (anti proliferative effect) and inhibit the development of mouse breast cancer precancerous tissue lesions.

Resveratrol can also inhibit protein tyrosine kinase, a substance that catalyzes tyrosine phosphorylation. This kinase is contained in the cytoplasmic information transduction of cells regulated by mitosis. The use of resveratrol to inhibit protein tyrosine kinase may exert anti mutation effects by blocking kinase function.